Steam generating electric iron



Nov. 3, 1936. ABRAMS ET AL 2,059,620

STEAM GENERATING ELECTRIC IRON I Filed July 7, 1954 s Sheet-Sheet 1 JJQJ26 4 g E 186 52 40 F I j f 1| 56 38 I I I .142 26 124 24 J7; INVENTORSJsaaedfirams wfziimfiasaly z w wm Nov. 3, 1936. ABRAMS ET AL 0 9 STEAMGENERATING ELECTRIC IRON Filed July 7, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 32 172 I 6rams 170174 j Nov. 3,- 1936 ABRAMS ET AL STEAM GENERATING ELECTRIC IRONFiled July '7, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Nov. 3, 1936 UNITED STATES2,059,620 STEAM GENERATING ELECTRIC IRON vIsaac Abrams, Kings County,and Nathan Pesakof, Bronx County, N. Y., assignors, by mesneassignments, to Avel S. Abrams, New York,

Application July 7, 1934, Serial No. 734,218

21 Claims.

The present invention relates to a fluid ejecting pressing iron which isintended to receive fluid in the form of water or steam and deliver thefluid as steam in a saturated or superheated condition to the materialupon which the iron is operating. Fluids other than water and steam mayfind application to the structure of the invention however.

The pressing equipment in present day use by clothing manufacturers'andtailors, ordinarily is bulky, expensive from the standpoint of purchaseprice as well as maintenance and necessitates a remote boiler whichintroduces the additional disadvantage of requiring an appreciable timefor the generation of steam.'

Devices similar in type to the present invention have been proposed andused to a limited extent, but as a whole they have been unsuccessful,principally because of leakage and difiicultiesin controlling pressuresand temperatures, and failure to generate superheated steam inaccordance with demands. Where provisions have been made for controllingthe passage of fluid, the apparatus has been complicated, calling forexpensive castings, necessitating a correspondingly high selling price.

By the present invention it is sought to overcome the faults andlimitations of the known structures by providing an iron having aplurality of steamtight heat exchanging units, heated by electrical heatgenerating elements, one or more of which may have their effectiveresistances varied to establish the desired temperatures and conditionsof steam as well as of the pressing surface itself. Valve mechanism isprovided for controlling the fluid intake as well as the delivery, andthe valve actuation is accomplished by a single actuating meansconveniently positioned for use during the ironing operation. The valvesmay have their extent of openingindependently adjustable so that theratio of intake'to delivery may be varied to suit operating conditions.

A complete understanding of the invention will be had upon referencetothe drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of one form of the invention;

Fig. -2 is a plan view, partially broken away;

Fig. 3 is a view along line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a view along line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a staggered section along line 5-5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a section along line B'-6 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a section along line 1-4 of Fig. 2, with the parts in extendedrelation;

Fig. 8 is an elevation in section of a modifica- With particularreference to Figures 1 to 7, the iron in general comprises a base member20, an electrical heat generating element 22 received thereby, a primaryheat exchanging or vaporizing unit 24 positioned between the heatgenerating element 22 and a second heat generating element 26, a coverplate 28 cooperating with the base member 20 for housing parts of themechanism, a handle 30 for pushing the iron and a valve actuating lever32 for operating the fluid valves, all to be described in greaterdetail.

A pair of bolts 34 are threadedly received in suitable tapped bosses 36formed on the upper surface of the base member, for the reception of theheat generating elements, primary heat exchanging unit and cover plateaforesaid, in addition to insulating material 38 received between theheat generating element 26 and a pressure plate 40 which is surmountedby the cover plate. A pair of nuts 42 are received by the bolts forbearing upon the cover plate to establish close contact between the heatexchanging surfaces for high eificiency of heat transmission. A switchhousing 44 having perforated flanges 46 is then applied to the bolts,above which the handle 25 mounting arms 48 are received. A pair of capnuts 50 are threaded on the ends of the bolts 34 for holding the handleand switch housing in assembly with the remainder of the structure.

The fluid supply enters the apparatus through an inlet 52 which may beconnected to a remote source by a hose 54. or if desired, to a tanksuitably carried by the iron itself. The inlet leads to a valve casing56 provided with a passage 58 (Fig. 6) containing a valve seat 60 and aneedle valve 35 62 foradjusting the amount of fluid which may beadmitted. The passage 58 leads to a second passage 64, angularlydisposed with respect thereto, and containing at the junction of thepassages a valve seat 66. A valve stem 68 extends into the casing andhas a tapered end 10 normally in contact with the seat 66. Surroundingthe valve stem and threadedly received in the casing is a gland nut 12which'may-be provided with suitable packing for the prevention ofleakage. A bracket 14 projects vertically from the valve casing andcarries a supporting arm 16 which is provided with a suitable journalnut 18 through which the upper end of the valve stem passes. The upperend of the valve stem is provided with a thrust washer surmounted by anut 82 threaded upon the stem. A collar 84 is rigidly secured to thevalve stem at a point below the journal nut 18, and a helical spring 86has its opposite ends seated on the collar and journal nut for urgingthe valve into the closed position depictedin Fig. 6. Naturally thevalve and its seat need not be of the tapered form shown, but may assumeother forms.

The valve casing 56 is suitably but removably attached, by one or morescrews 81, to the upper surface of the primary heat exchanging unit 24,the channelled construction of which appears in Fig. 4. This unit may beformed in two parts, one channelled as shown in Fig. 4 and the otherwith plane surfaces, which parts may be welded or sweated together toform a vaporizer having circuitous paths for the fluid so as to exposeit to a.

large heating surface. If desired, the passage may be formed of metaltubing and the body material may be cast thereabout in a manner similarto the disclosure of the patent to Hoffman of October 16, 1928, numbered1,687,562. Another contemplated mode of fabrication is by the use ofcores to define the grooves. casting the metal and removing-the coressuch as is commonly done in casting practice. By slightly changing thepath of the channels, drilling into a solid block may be resorted to,plugging the openings afterwards as disclosed in the patent to Tavender,1,874,832, of August 30, 1932. The preferred general shape of theprimary heat exchanging unit is similar to that of the base member,though somewhat smaller so that the cover plate 28 will enclose the unitand register with the base member. The unit 24 has a butt end 88 whichterminates at a transverse flange on the base member, to be described,although an extension 90 of the unit overlies a portion of thistransverse flange.

A port 82 formed in the upper surface of the unit 24 registers with thepassage 64 in the valve casing and conducts fluid to the inlet end 84 ofthe channel 96, through which the fluid passes in divergent and thenconvergent paths whereby it is su jected to a large heating surface. Thefluid fi ally passes to the outlet end 98 of the channel and downwardlythrough a port I00 formed in the lower surface of the extension 90. Thebody of unit 24 is formed with openings I02 for reception of the bolts34 and perforations I04 and I06 through which electrical conductors arepassed.

- The base member 20 is provided with a pair of circuitous channels I08and IIO constituting the superheating, unit and the distributing unitrespectively. This channelled member may be formed in any of the waysproposed for the formation of the unit 24, both units being preferablyformed by fabricating two plates separately and joining them by weldingor equivalent means.

The channel I08 has a fluid inlet chamber I I2 at one extremity and afluid outlet chamber I I4 at its other extremity. This channel traversesan appreciable area of the base member, exposing the conducted fluid toa large heating surface. The channel I I0 has a fluid inlet chamber H6at the butt end of the base member and diverges near the prowthereofinto a plurality of channels 8 provided with small perforations I20extending through to the pressing surface I22 of the base member.

The upper surface of the base member is provided with a pocket I24,defined by marginal longitudinally extending flanges I26 and atransverse flange I 28 at the butt end. This transverse flange containsa fluid inlet port I30, in communication with the chamber H2, 9. fluidoutlet port I32 in communication with the chamber H4, and another fluidinlet port I34 in communication with chamber I I6.

A valve casing I36 having ports I38 and I40 in registry with the portsI32 and I34 respectively, is firmly clamped to the transverse flange I28in fluid tight relation therewith, by one or with suitable packingmaterial if required. The I valve stem has a tapered end I58 normally inengagement with a seat therefor, formed as an enlargement of the portI38. Between the journal nut I50, and a collar I60 attached to the valvestem, a helical spring I62 is mounted for urging the valve into contactwith its seat. A passage I64 formed in the valve casing affordscommunication between the ports I38 and I40 when the valve is openedagainst the force of the spring. Here again the valve and its seat mayvary from the form illustrated.

Threadedly received by the upper end of the valve stem, there is alifting element I66 of substantial U-shape. The base of this element istapped for adjustable engagement with the threads on the valve stem andthe arms are formed with concentric openings for the reception of apivot pin I68 which-may be threaded into either or both of the arms.

Having one end journalled in the bifurcated supporting arm I52, which isprovided with suitably aligned openings therefor, is a valve actuatingshaft I10, the opposite end of which is journalled in a perforatedsupporting arm I12 extending from the valve casing 56. A flattened orcammed end I14 of the shaft extends beyond the arm I12 into engagementwith the lower surface of the nut 82 through the intermediate thrustwasher of suitable form. The nut 82 will be adjusted so that the valvewill be closed when the flattened end I14 is in the position depicted inFig. 5, and opened the desired amount when the shaft I10 is rocked inits journals.

The shaft also extends beyond the arm I52 where it is attached to theactuating lever 32 in a suitable manner, as by the collar I18 which isfastened to both the shaft and the lever. A removable collar I 80 isalso removably fastened to the shaft to prevent undesired lateralmovements thereof. One end of the actuating lever 32 extends to thefront or prow of the iron so as to be operable by the thumb of theworker without requiring removal of his hand from the handle 30 during apressing operation. The rear end of the actuating lever is receivedbetween the arms of the U-shaped element I66 and pivoted thereto by thepin I68. Hence, by depressing the lever 32, the two valves referred towill be opened by asingle movement by the operator.

It will thus follow that the fluid from port I00 will pass to the portI30 and to the inlet chamber 2, whence it flows through the channel I08to -the outlet chamber I I4, port I32, port I38, by the valve when open,through passage I64, port I40, port I34, chamber I I6, channel I I0,channels H8 and out through the perforations I20 into contact with thematerial being operated upon. By adjusting the elements 82 and I66 ontheir respective valve stems, the quantity of fluid ad- I 9,059,020 inelectrical insulating material in whichwill conduct heat to the heatexchanging unit 24 and tothebasemember 2|. Thiselementis connected 7 toa source of current through terminals I84 w ch are suitably insulatedfrom the iron structure and from one another by the terminal block I04.'A series .of taps are taken from the heat generating element 22 and ledby suitably insu lated conductors III to a series of switch points I"mounted onaswitch block-Ill of insulating material, these conductorsthrough the perforation I04 formed in the unit 24, and being surroundedby an insulator m. bne of the terminals I84 communicates directly withthe heat generating element by an insulated conductor through theperforation I in the unit '24. The other terminal is electricallyconnected fperidently controlled.

with aswitch-arm I82, suitably pivoted on-the cover plate 28, forselectively the switch points I I! in accordance with the degree ofheating desiredn This heat generating element is received in the pocketI24 provided in the upper surface of the base member.

Theheat generating elementlflimay connected directly across theterminals I84, may be' in circuit with the element 22, or may be inde-The structure appearing in Figs. 8, .9 and embodies the same generalprinciples as that already described, differing principally in theprovision of an additional heat exchanging unit and heat generatingelement and the presence of a single continuous channel in the base"member. This I modified structure utilizes a different arrange-- mentoffiuid ports, all of which diflerences will nowbedescribed.

The base memberi, formed with a pocket as in the previous embodiment,receives in said pocket a heat generating element I provided withsuitably controlled taps for the variation of its effective resistancein the electrical circuit for resulting temperature'variations.Superimposed uponfthis-heat generating element, and also receivedwithin-the pocket is a superheating unit I" which may be channelled andconstructed in much the same manner as the primary heat exchanging unitof the first example, orotherwise as desired. Upon the unit I98, a heatgenerating element 202 is placed and suitably connected with a source ofcurrent. The primary heat exchanging unit 202 in. this case lies abovethe element 200 and has another heat generating element 204 .in contactwith its upper surface. The channelling in the units". and 202 may beidentical or different as desired, and they will both" be provided withperforations for the passage of electrical conductors for the heatingelements. The heat generating elements maybe conne'cted in series orparallel, or in whatever relation found to be expedient. The insulation,pressure plate, cover plate, etc.,wlll be assembled as in the firstinstance.

Fluid entering the valve casing 55 containing the valve stem 88', willpass the valve when opened and flow into the inlet port 206 formed inthe extension 208 (similar to extension 90' of the first case) of theprimary heat exchanging unit 202.

- After traversing the channel therein, the fluid quently, fluid fromthe passage 2I2 enters the superheating unit through its inlet port 2I6,traverses its circuitous channel and flows to the outlet port.2|2provided in the upper surface of the extension 2. V The valve casing Iin this embodiment bears partially upon the extension 2 and partiallyupon the transverse flange l2l. It is provided with a valve controlledport registering with the port 2]. in the extension. A passage 220 inthe casing affords communication, when the valve is open, between theport 2I8 and a port 222 formed inthetransverseflangeand leading tothefiuid inlet chamber 224, supplying the distributing channel 226 withfluid to be dispensed through the perforations I;

Thus when the valve stem I54 is raised, fluid will pass from the-port2|! into the passage 22., down into the port 222 and inlet chamber 224,

Whereas it is contemplated that water be sup- 1 plied to the inlet 52and superheated steam be ejected through the perforations I22, itisconceivable that steam or some other fluid may be supplied at theinlet '2.

The primary heat exchanging unit may gener- .atesteam or it may merelyraise the temperature of the water supplied thereto. It will be notedthat heat is added to the fluid employed, inuia distributing unit aswell as in the heat exchanging units. Additional heat generatingelements and exchanging units may be added to the structure for bringingthe fluid to a different qfinai temperature and dryness, or to the samefinal temperature and dryness inmore gradual The heat exchanging unitsare preferably composed of metal having a high heat conductivity, andthe channels formed therein are preferably of considerable length forpnoviding large contact surfaces for the transfer of heat to the fluid.-

The dryness or moisture content of the elected steam will be controlledto suit the fabric of the article to be pressedby varying the valveadjustments and the setting of the switch arm.- This is important due tothe differing requirements of;

woolens and silks,'for example.

The primary heat exchanging unit may be provided additionally with aninlet valve operated by the liquid level therein for maintaining aconstant head of water, especially in cases where the unit serves as apreheater for the supplied water. In such a case, it might be desired toprevent the generation of steam in the primary heat exchanging unit,which may be accomplished. by using a temperature responsive element tobreak the cirucit of oneor more of the heating elements 7 before thewater can flash into steam, and remake the circuit when the temperaturefalls below apredeterminedminimum.

. By the nuts 42, the several heat generating elements and exchangingunits are maintained in good heat conducting contact so as to. eliminateair pockets. The extension of any heat exchanging unit in contact withthe transverse flange of the base member maybe sufiicientiy oifset toassure fluid tight registry of the cooperating ports as well as properheat conducting contact of the body of such unit with its heatgenerating element or elements.

The number of variations and equivalents possible'in-the present case isexceedingly great, and

it is accordingly contemplated that such modig I be included by theappended claims.

.50 base member. 4 5. A fluid ejecting iron comprising a base mem- Forexample, a rotary valve mechanism may be employed for-each or both ofthe. reciprocating valves operated by the actuating-lever.

We claim: s

5 1. A fluid ejecting iron comprising a perforat -i ed base and aprimary heat exchanging unit, a fluid inlet for said primary heatexchanging unit,

conduit means connecting said primary heat exchanging unit with theperforations in said base,

. valve mchanismsjcontrolling said inlet and said conduit means, meansfor simultaneously oper ating said, valve mechanisms and heat generatingelements associated .with said base and said unit, controlledindependently of said valves.

2. A fluid ejecting iron comprising a perforat ed' base and a primaryheat.exchanging unit, a fluid inlet for said primary heat exchangingunit, conduit means connecting-said primary heat exchanging unit withthe perforations. in said base, valve mechanismscontrolling said inletand said conduit means, means for adjusting the maximum opening of saidvalve mechanisms,

means for simultaneously operating said 'lv'e' means to heat said unitand id 5 base;

3. A fluid ejecting iron c m rising. a perforated base; asuperheatingunit and a primary heat exchanging unit said primary heat exchangingunit having a fluid inlet, means connectingsaid primaryhat exchangingunit with said superheating unit for fluid passage, means connecti, ingsaid 'superheating unit with the perforations in said base for fluidpassage, valve means controlling both said inlet and said connectingmeans, meansfor simultaneously operating said valve means, said unitsconstituting a-closed sys-' tem when said valve means are closed, andmeans 'forheating said units,

i 4. A fluid ejecting iron comprising 'a'base mem- 40 her and a primaryheat exchanging unit having a-fluid inlet, said base member being formedwith a superheating .channel. having. inletand outlet ports lying in thesame horizontal plane, said ba'se also having a distributing channelhaving a portcoplanar with and communicating with said outlet portthrough valvedconduit means, conduit means connecting said primary heatexchanging unit withsaid inlet port and said distributing channel withthe lower surface of said her provided with a'- plurality of distinctchan--' nels, the lower surface of said basemember having a'plurality ofdelivery orifices in communists-- 5 tionfwith one of'said channels,another of said i channels being provided with a fluid inlet port,

and valved means interconnecting an outletport of the second of saidchannels'with an inlet port of the first of said channels, and 'apreheating ,m chamber having an outlet-connected with the second of saidchannels, saidpreheating chamber j being carried bysaidbase ,member andsewing r preheat the fluid which is ultimately ejected. 6. A fluidejecting iron comprising a primary heat exchanging unit, a super-heatingunit and"a' distributing unit, heat generating elements interposedbetween saidjunitsjconduiameans establishing fluld' connection betweensaid primary 0 heat exchanging unit and said superheating a .and betweensaid superheating unit andsald disv tributing unit, a'fluid inletfof'saidprimary heat I exchanging unitand valves operated by a com--"mon element controlling said conduitameans and 'said'fluid inlet, saiddistributing unit communi- 8. A fluid ejecting iron" comprising a heat]'ex changing unit and a distributing unit for receiving :heated fluidtherefrom, said heat exchanging unit having a fluid inlet, a valvecontrolling said fluidinlet and a' valve controlling the passage offluid to'said distributing unit, a common mechanism for operating saidvalves, and means asso-- ciated with said mechanism forvarying therelative extent of opening said' valves.

'9, A fluid ejecting iron comprising, a heat exchanging. unit and .adistributing unit for receiving .heated fluid therefrom, said'- heatexchanging unit having .a fluid inlet controlled .by a valve and a valvecontrolling the passage of .-fluid to said distributing unit, means foradjust ing said valves independently, means for'opera'ting said valves.joiutlyxiand means for heating said fluid, said distribu ng unit'communicating with openings in the-lower surface of the base ofsaid'iron.

10'. A fluid ejecting iron comprising abase member having alower-surface and an upper surface, said base member containing aplurality of independent channels, said upper' surface containing inletand outlet ports communicating with the channels ,'valved connectingmeans overlying a plurality of saidportsand interconnecting the outletport of one of said channels with J the inlet port of another of saidchannels, means for introducing fluid into one of said'chanrlels,'

conduit means communicating between one. of

said channels and the lower surface of said base outlet connected withone of said channels, said preheating chamber being carried by said basemember and serving to preheat the fluid which is ultimately ejected.

11,.A:fluid ejecting iron comprising a chan- '-ne lled base memberhaving a lower surface and an upper surface, said upper surfacecontaining aplurality of ports communicating with the. 1 channelling forthe passage 'of fluid, a second.

channelled member overlying said upper surface and having an extensionhaving a port in com-- mfinicatiors'with the channellingint he secondmember, and a preheating chamber having an member and-with one of thosein the upper surj ports, the channelling in said base membercommunicating with said lower surface, and the inlet. 1

T12Q-A fluid ejecting iron comprisinga chanface, valved meansinterconnecting others of said channelling in said second member havinga fluid nelled base membenhaving a lower surface and. an upper surface,said upper surface containing.

a plurality' of ports communicating with the. channelling for thepassage of fluid, a second;

channelled member-overlying said upper surface d having'an .ext'enslrmhaving a port in com- 'munication with-the channelling 'in the secondmember and with one of them in the upper sur-r said channelled members,said base channelling face, valved means'interconnecting thei 'ernain-,ing ports; and a heat generating unit between.

communicating with the lower of the iron and said second channelledmember having a fluid inlet.

13. A fluid ejecting iron comprising a channelled base member having alower surface and an upper surface, said upper surface containing aplurality of ports communicating with the channelling for the passage offluid, a second channelled member overlying said upper surface andhaving an extension having a port in communication with the channellingin the second member and with one of those in the uppersurface, valvedmeans seated on said upper surface interconnecting the remaining ports,and a heat generating unit between said channelled members, and inthermal contact therewith, said base channelling communicating with thelower surface of the iron and said second channelled member havin'gafluid inlet.

14. A fluid ejecting iron comprising a base member containinga pluralityof distinct channels, the upper surface of said base member containing aplurality of ports communicating with the channels for the passage offluid, means in terconnecting a pair of said channels through saidports, one of said channels having a fluid inlet, another of saidchannels having communication with'the lower surface of said basemember, means for interrupting the passage of fluid through saidchannels, and a preheating chamber communicating with one of saidchannels, said preheating chamber being carried by-said base member andserving to preheat the fluid which is ultimately ejected.

15, A fluid ejecting iron comprising a base member containing aplurality of distinct chan-' nels, the upper surface of said base membercontaining a plurality of ports communicating with the channels for thepassage of fluid, a valve casing seated on said upper surface forinterconnecting and controlling a plurality of'said channels through aplurality of said ports, one of said channels having a'fluid inletandanother of said channels communicating with the lower surface of saidbase member, and a preheating unit communicating with said fluid inlet,said preheating chamber being carried by said base member and serving topreheat the fluid which is ultimately ejected.

16; A .fluid ejecting iron comprising a base member containing aplurality of distinct chan-' nels and having a lower surface and anupper surface, said upper surface containing a plurality of portscommunicating with the channels for the passage of fluid, a secondchannelled member overlying said upper surface and-having an extensionhaving a port in communication with the channelling in the second memberand with one of those in the upper surface, said second channelledmember having a port on its upper surface for the reception of fluid, avalve casing seated on said base member having ports in registry with aplurality of said channel ports for selectively interconnecting thecorresponding channels, one of said channels having fluid communicationwith the lower surface of said base member.

17. A fluid ejecting iron comprising a channelled base member. having alower surface and an upper surface, said upper surface containing aplurality ofports communicating with the channelling for the passage offluid, valved means interconnecting a pair of said ports, a secondchannelled member overlying said upper surface and having an extensionhaving a port in communication with the channelling in the secondmemberand with one of those in said upper 4 surface, a heat generatingelement between said channelled members, and a heat generating elementsuperimposed upon said second channelled member, said second channelledmember having a fluid inlet and the channelling in said base membercommunicating with the lower surface of said base member.

18.'A pressing iron comprising a base member having an electricalheating element superimposed thereupon, a channelled heat exchangingunit superimposed upon said element,'said unit having a perforationtherethrough for'the passage of an electrical conductor to said element,said channelling existing on opposite sides of said perforation, therebeing an inlet for fluid to said channelling and an outlet therefrom incommunication with a fluid passage in-said base member, said base memberhaving a perforation connecting said channel with the pressing surfaceof the iron.

a 19. A sadiron of the class described comprising a base havingperforations therein opening out passage of the'base with the passage inthe base which connects the perforations-together, and a valve in theconduit.

20. In an iron of the class described, a base having perforationstherein opening out through the lower face of the base, and a passage inthe ,base connecting the upper ends of the perfora-' tions together,said base also having a sinuous passage therein, a steam generatingplate, a heating element located between the plate and the top of thebase, a heating element on the top of the plate, said plate having asinuous passage'therein,

. means for connecting one end of the last-mentioned passage with aliquid supply, a conduit connecting the other end of said passage withone end of the sinuous passage in the base, a conduit connecting theother end of the sinuous passage in the base with the first-mentionedpassage in the base, and a valve for controlling the flow of fluidthrough the conduit.

, 21. In an iron of the class described, a base formed of upper andlower sections connected together, the lower section having a passagetherein in its upper face, perforations extending from the passagethrough the lowerface of said section, the upper face of said lowersection also having a sinuous passage therein, the upper sectioncovering the passages, a heating element on the top of the base, a steamgenerating plate on the heating element, a second heating element on theplate, said plate being formed of upper and lower sections connectedtogether, the lower section of the plate having a sinuous passagetherein which is covered by the upper section, means for connectingoneend of the sinuous passage in the plate to a liquid supply, a conduitconnecting the other end of said passage with one end of the sinuouspassage in the base, and a valve controlled conduit connecting the otherend of the sinuous inthe base.

NATHAN PESAKOF. ABB.AMS

.passage in the base to the first-mentioned passage v u

